R.B.
06-28-2006, 03:20 PM
I have seen several suggestions that trans fats are link with inflamatory agents and may contribute to heart conditions eg see below.
Below I copy an older trial raising questions as to possible links between trans fats and BC.
I have not seen much on this subject and jsut raise it as a flag.
Trans fats are used in processed food some margerines and hence I post this here as it is more likely to get read by a wider audience.
If anybody knows of any other trials etc that would be useful.
RB
http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/80/6/1521
trans Fatty acids and systemic inflammation in heart failure1,2,3,4
ABSTRACT
"trans Fatty acids (TFAs), unsaturated fats with at least one double bond in the trans configuration, are formed during the industrial hydrogenation of vegetable oils. TFAs are primarily consumed in fast foods, bakery products, packaged snacks, and margarines; smaller amounts are consumed in dairy products and meats (1). There is currently considerable interest in the potential health effects of TFAs, and the US Food and Drug Administration recently ruled that the TFA content be declared on the nutrition labels of all conventional foods and dietary supplements effective 1 January 2006 (2). A recent observational study (3) and short-term randomized trial (4) indicated that TFA intake increases systemic inflammation in generally healthy persons. Because systemic inflammation is an independent risk factor for future heart disease (5), these findings suggest a novel potential mechanism whereby TFAs may affect the cardiovascular health of generally healthy persons.
Compared with healthy persons, patients with established heart disease often have much higher concentrations of systemic inflammation (6–8). Although TFAs appear to be proinflammatory in generally healthy persons (3, 4), it is unknown whether TFAs influence inflammation in patients with established heart disease, in whom background inflammation is already high. If TFAs exacerbate systemic inflammation in patients with heart disease, it would be important for secondary prevention efforts because the degree of systemic inflammation in these patients strongly predicts poor outcomes (5–8). To determine whether TFAs are related to systemic inflammation in patients with heart disease, we investigated the association between TFAs, as assessed with a biomarker of dietary intake, and systemic inflammatory markers in patients with established heart failure. Our hypothesis was that TFA levels would be associated with higher concentrations of inflammatory markers in these patients....................TFA levels were strongly associated with concentrations of several inflammatory markers. For each inflammatory marker, results are presented as the absolute difference and percentage difference from the mean for each 1% of membrane fatty acids from TFAs (approximately the difference between the first and third TFA tertile means). After adjustment for age and sex, TFA levels were positively associated with interleukin (IL) 1 receptor antagonist (2129 pg/mL, 157%; P = 0.02), IL-10 (218 pg/mL, 165%; P = 0.03), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (463 pg/mL, 35%; P = 0.04), TNF receptor 2 (24 681 pg/mL, 155%; P = 0.003), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (95 pg/mL, 98%; P = 0.003), and brain natriuretic peptide (41 pg/mL, 58%; P = 0.02)."
AND AN OLDER TRIAL POSTULATES LINKS TO BC which would be consistent in general terms with role of inflamatory agent in BC
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9298578&query_hl=31&itool=pubmed_docsum
1: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Sep;6(9):705-10. Related Articles, Links
Comment in:
* Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1998 Apr;7(4):355-6.
Adipose tissue trans fatty acids and breast cancer in the European Community Multicenter Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Breast Cancer.
Kohlmeier L, Simonsen N, van 't Veer P, Strain JJ, Martin-Moreno JM, Margolin B, Huttunen JK, Fernandez-Crehuet Navajas J, Martin BC, Thamm M, Kardinaal AF, Kok FJ.
EURAMIC (European Community Multicenter Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Breast Cancer) Coordinating Center, TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
To investigate the relationship between trans fatty acids and postmenopausal breast cancer in European populations differing greatly in their dietary fat intakes, a case control study using adipose tissue stores of trans fatty acids as a biomarker of exposure was conducted. Subjects included 698 postmenopausal incident cases of primary breast cancer and controls randomly drawn from local population and patient registries, ages 50-74 Concentrations of individual trans fatty acids in gluteal fat biopsies were measured in these women. The adipose concentration of trans fatty acids showed a positive association with breast cancer. The covariate-adjusted association with breast cancer. The covariate-adjusted OR was 1.40 (95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.93) for the difference between the 75th and 25th percentiles of total adipose trans. The adjusted OR for trans in the lowest tertile of polyunsaturated fatty acid reached 3.6 (2.2, 6.1). These associations were not attributable to differences in age, body mass index, exogenous hormone use, or socioeconomic status. These findings suggest an association of adipose stores of trans fatty acids with postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. They require confirmation in other populations, with concomitant consideration of the potential roles of dietary saturated and monounsaturated fats.
Publication Types:
* Multicenter Study
PMID: 9298578 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Below I copy an older trial raising questions as to possible links between trans fats and BC.
I have not seen much on this subject and jsut raise it as a flag.
Trans fats are used in processed food some margerines and hence I post this here as it is more likely to get read by a wider audience.
If anybody knows of any other trials etc that would be useful.
RB
http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/80/6/1521
trans Fatty acids and systemic inflammation in heart failure1,2,3,4
ABSTRACT
"trans Fatty acids (TFAs), unsaturated fats with at least one double bond in the trans configuration, are formed during the industrial hydrogenation of vegetable oils. TFAs are primarily consumed in fast foods, bakery products, packaged snacks, and margarines; smaller amounts are consumed in dairy products and meats (1). There is currently considerable interest in the potential health effects of TFAs, and the US Food and Drug Administration recently ruled that the TFA content be declared on the nutrition labels of all conventional foods and dietary supplements effective 1 January 2006 (2). A recent observational study (3) and short-term randomized trial (4) indicated that TFA intake increases systemic inflammation in generally healthy persons. Because systemic inflammation is an independent risk factor for future heart disease (5), these findings suggest a novel potential mechanism whereby TFAs may affect the cardiovascular health of generally healthy persons.
Compared with healthy persons, patients with established heart disease often have much higher concentrations of systemic inflammation (6–8). Although TFAs appear to be proinflammatory in generally healthy persons (3, 4), it is unknown whether TFAs influence inflammation in patients with established heart disease, in whom background inflammation is already high. If TFAs exacerbate systemic inflammation in patients with heart disease, it would be important for secondary prevention efforts because the degree of systemic inflammation in these patients strongly predicts poor outcomes (5–8). To determine whether TFAs are related to systemic inflammation in patients with heart disease, we investigated the association between TFAs, as assessed with a biomarker of dietary intake, and systemic inflammatory markers in patients with established heart failure. Our hypothesis was that TFA levels would be associated with higher concentrations of inflammatory markers in these patients....................TFA levels were strongly associated with concentrations of several inflammatory markers. For each inflammatory marker, results are presented as the absolute difference and percentage difference from the mean for each 1% of membrane fatty acids from TFAs (approximately the difference between the first and third TFA tertile means). After adjustment for age and sex, TFA levels were positively associated with interleukin (IL) 1 receptor antagonist (2129 pg/mL, 157%; P = 0.02), IL-10 (218 pg/mL, 165%; P = 0.03), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (463 pg/mL, 35%; P = 0.04), TNF receptor 2 (24 681 pg/mL, 155%; P = 0.003), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (95 pg/mL, 98%; P = 0.003), and brain natriuretic peptide (41 pg/mL, 58%; P = 0.02)."
AND AN OLDER TRIAL POSTULATES LINKS TO BC which would be consistent in general terms with role of inflamatory agent in BC
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9298578&query_hl=31&itool=pubmed_docsum
1: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Sep;6(9):705-10. Related Articles, Links
Comment in:
* Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1998 Apr;7(4):355-6.
Adipose tissue trans fatty acids and breast cancer in the European Community Multicenter Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Breast Cancer.
Kohlmeier L, Simonsen N, van 't Veer P, Strain JJ, Martin-Moreno JM, Margolin B, Huttunen JK, Fernandez-Crehuet Navajas J, Martin BC, Thamm M, Kardinaal AF, Kok FJ.
EURAMIC (European Community Multicenter Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Breast Cancer) Coordinating Center, TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
To investigate the relationship between trans fatty acids and postmenopausal breast cancer in European populations differing greatly in their dietary fat intakes, a case control study using adipose tissue stores of trans fatty acids as a biomarker of exposure was conducted. Subjects included 698 postmenopausal incident cases of primary breast cancer and controls randomly drawn from local population and patient registries, ages 50-74 Concentrations of individual trans fatty acids in gluteal fat biopsies were measured in these women. The adipose concentration of trans fatty acids showed a positive association with breast cancer. The covariate-adjusted association with breast cancer. The covariate-adjusted OR was 1.40 (95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.93) for the difference between the 75th and 25th percentiles of total adipose trans. The adjusted OR for trans in the lowest tertile of polyunsaturated fatty acid reached 3.6 (2.2, 6.1). These associations were not attributable to differences in age, body mass index, exogenous hormone use, or socioeconomic status. These findings suggest an association of adipose stores of trans fatty acids with postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. They require confirmation in other populations, with concomitant consideration of the potential roles of dietary saturated and monounsaturated fats.
Publication Types:
* Multicenter Study
PMID: 9298578 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]