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05-21-2014, 07:59 AM
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#1
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Senior Member
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What are Estrogens? National Cancer Institute information
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05-21-2014, 08:00 AM
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#2
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Senior Member
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Re: What are Estrogens? National Cancer Institute information
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05-21-2014, 08:01 AM
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#3
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Re: What are Estrogens? National Cancer Institute information
Slide 3
| | | | Estrogen Receptors
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Estrogens act on target tissues by binding to parts of cells called estrogen receptors.
An estrogen receptor is a protein molecule found inside those cells that are targets for estrogen action. Estrogen receptors contain a specific site to which only estrogens (or closely related molecules) can bind.
The target tissues affected by estrogen molecules all contain estrogen receptors; other organs and tissues in the body do not. Therefore, when estrogen molecules circulate in the bloodstream and move throughout the body, they exert effects only on cells that contain estrogen receptors.
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05-21-2014, 08:03 AM
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#4
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Senior Member
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Re: What are Estrogens? National Cancer Institute information
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05-21-2014, 08:04 AM
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#5
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Re: What are Estrogens? National Cancer Institute information
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05-21-2014, 08:06 AM
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#6
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Senior Member
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Re: What are Estrogens? National Cancer Institute information
Slide 6
| | | Estrogen-Induced Stimulation of Cell Proliferation
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In some target tissues, the main effect of estrogen is to cause cells to grow and divide, a process called cell proliferation.
In breast tissue, for example, estrogen triggers the proliferation of cells lining the milk glands, thereby preparing the breast to produce milk if the woman should become pregnant.
Estrogen also promotes proliferation of the cells that form the inner lining, or endometrium, of the uterus, thereby preparing the uterus for possible implantation of an embryo. During a normal menstrual cycle, estrogen levels fall dramatically at the end of each cycle if pregnancy does not occur. As a result, the endometrium disintegrates and is shed from the uterus and vagina in a bleeding process called menstruation.
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