[RobinP]

AA, after thinking about it more, I think that it doesn't matter what the PDA says about the half life of estrogen because if the estrogen cream has not been absorbed, then it is still available as an active estrogen. I beginning to think that not only should estrogen be applied with an applicator or q-tip in only small amounts, but should be allowed to absorb into the vaginal tissues, then douched out after a period of so many hours after the vaginal mucosa has been rejuvenated with estrogen.

Estrogen is a double edged sword. On the one hand it is wonderful for bone health, skin, hair, libido, vaginal tone, urthra tone, etc. But on the negative side, it does have deleterious side effects, some effect caused even in small doses. I think that was what the article about gynecomastia in children and in men discussed. If even a small amount o estrogen cream on mammary tissue of a man or child can cause duct hyperplasia, the precursor of breast cancer, I'm sure it can in women too.

By the way, I find it interesting that the man, Dr. Pincus, who invented estrogen, many years ago, died of leukemia. It has been suggested that the chemicals, he spent years studying, caused his condition. I think he opened pandoria's box for himself and many.

No, I'm no posting all this to condemn those using vaginal estrogens or estrogens of any type, only to discuss and discover new insights to improve and sustain good health. I'm not telling anyone what they personally should do with estrogen cream. In the words of Margaret Sanger, the brainchild of birth control,"No Gods and No Masters" and that each woman be "the absolute mistress of her own body." Might l add, let each woman have the knowledge, seek the answers for her own mind to protect her own body from the substances that may harm, while allowing the substances that may heal.