"Taken together, these results indicate that {omega}-3 PUFA regulate COX-2-mediated invasion in brain-metastatic melanoma."
I do not know what sort of cancer this was. I have seen other items on the possible implications of omega six and three in brain cancer.
For more on diet and omega threes and sixes please use the search facility (bar above click on search) and see Greek diet post, where I have also posted this item so as much material as possible can be found in one place.
RB
http://www.jlr.org/cgi/content/abstract/46/6/1278
Role of {omega}-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cyclooxygenase-2 metabolism in brain-metastatic melanoma
Yvonne Denkins1, Doty Kempf, Melissa Ferniz, Shilpa Nileshwar and Dario Marchetti
Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
Published, JLR Papers in Press, March 16, 2005. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M400474-JLR200
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail:
ydenkins@vetmed.lsu.edu
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is important in the progression of epithelial tumors. Evidence indicates that {omega}-6 PUFAs such as arachidonic acid (AA) promote the growth of tumor cells; however, {omega}-3 fatty acids [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] inhibit tumor cell proliferation. We investigated the effects of {omega}-3 PUFA on the expression and function of COX-2 in 70W, a human melanoma cell line that metastasizes to the brain in nude mice. We show that 1) tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} upregulates the expression of both COX-2 mRNA and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, and 2) {omega}-3 and {omega}-6 PUFA regulate COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE2 production. AA increased COX-2 mRNA expression and prostaglandin production in {omega}-6-stimulated 70W cells. Conversely, COX-2 mRNA expression decreased in cells incubated with EPA or DHA. AA increased MatrigelTM invasion 2.4-fold, whereas EPA or DHA did not. Additionally, PGE2 increased in vitro invasion 2.5-fold, whereas exposure to PGE3 significantly decreased invasion. Our results demonstrate that incubation of 70W cells with either AA or PGE2 increased invasiveness, whereas incubation with EPA or DHA downregulated both COX-2 mRNA and protein expression, with a subsequent decrease in MatrigelTM invasion.
Taken together, these results indicate that {omega}-3 PUFA regulate COX-2-mediated invasion in brain-metastatic melanoma.
Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; NS-398, N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; TNF-{alpha}, tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}
Supplementary key words arachidonic acid • brain melanoma • cancer • docosahexaenoic acid • eicosapentaenoic acid • polyunsaturated fatty acids • prostaglandin E2 • prostaglandin E3 • {omega}-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
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