predicting who will respond to herceptin based on type, quality of immune cells

[Lani]

Cancer Res. 2007 Dec 15;67(24):11991-9. Links
Elements related to heterogeneity of antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity in patients under trastuzumab therapy for primary operable breast cancer overexpressing Her2.

Varchetta S, Gibelli N, Oliviero B, Nardini E, Gennari R, Gatti G, Silva LS, Villani L, Tagliabue E, Ménard S, Costa A, Fagnoni FF.
Oncology Department, Scientific Institute of Pavia, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri-Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Pavia, Italy.
Preliminary results from a pilot trial on trastuzumab's mechanism of action against operable breast tumors overexpressing Her2 suggested a role for antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). To examine factors affecting ADCC intensity and variability, we extended this study to the phenotypic and functional analysis of circulating mononuclear cells in 18 patients. ADCC was induced by trastuzumab therapy in 15 of 18 patients (83%). Inability to develop ADCC in three patients did not depend on inadequate levels of trastuzumab because further increase in its concentration in vitro was ineffective. Rather, susceptibility to develop ADCC was fairly predicted by test with trastuzumab before therapy and was correlated to the number of lymphocytes coexpressing CD16 and CD56. Phenotypic analysis at the end of ADCC evaluating down-regulation of CD16, and up-regulation of CD69 and CD107a, confirmed that natural killer (NK) cells and CD56(+) T cells were involved in productive engagement of trastuzumab. Also, the killing efficiency of CD16(+) lymphocytes was influenced by 158 V/F polymorphism of Fc gamma RIII (CD16), whereas variations of CD247 on NK cells were consistent with trends between ADCC before and after therapy. Complete pathologic response was observed in one patient showing ADCC of outstanding intensity, whereas four cases of partial response showed intermediate ADCC; none of the three patients unable to mount ADCC had significant tumor regression. These data indicate that quantity and lytic efficiency of CD16(+) lymphocytes are major factors for ADCC induction by trastuzumab, and confirm that breast cancer responses to short-term trastuzumab monotherapy may depend on involvement of the ADCC mechanism.
PMID: 18089830 [PubMed - in process]

[Becky]

Do you think the use of Leukine, that boosts the dendritic effect (as well as the monocytes and lymphocytes) assists in this response?

[Lani]

I really don't have a clue. I am still working on figuring out all the subclasses of cells (and their markers) as well as cytokines and other immunomodulating subtances which take part in the immune system as it is presently described (and know that that will turn out to be only a small subset of what will be discovered later).

If in my writings I either figure it out, or learn to ask a better question, I will
attempt to update you.