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Rich66 · 01-30-2010, 11:08 PM

J Cell Biochem. 2010 Jan 27. [Epub ahead of print]
Apoptosis-inducing effect of garcinol is mediated by NF-kappaB signaling in breast cancer cells.

Ahmad A, Wang Z, Ali R, Maitah MY, Kong D, Banerjee S, Padhye S, Sarkar FH.
Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201.
Garcinol, obtained from Garcinia indica in tropical regions, is used for its numerous biological effects. Its anti-cancer activity has been suggested but the mechanism of action has not been studied in-detail, especially there is no report on its action against breast cancer cells. Here we tested our hypothesis that garcinol may act as an anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing agent against breast cancer cell lines. Using multiple techniques such as MTT, Histone-DNA ELISA, Annexin V-PI staining, Western blot for activated caspases and cleaved PARP, homogenous caspase-3/7 fluorometric assay and EMSA, we investigated the mechanism of apoptosis-inducing effect of garcinol in ER-positive MCF-7 and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that garcinol exhibits dose-dependent cancer cell-specific growth inhibition in both the cell lines with a concomitant induction of apoptosis, and has no effect on non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Our results suggested induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells by garcinol. Down-regulation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway was observed to be the mechanism of apoptosis-induction. Garcinol inhibited constitutive NF-kappaB activity, which was consistent with down-regulation of NF-kappaB-regulated genes. This is the first report on anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing action of garcinol against human breast cancer cells and the results suggest that this natural compound merits investigation as a potential chemo-preventive/-therapeutic agent, especially against breast cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

PMID: 20108249 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 May 1;77(9):1513-21. Epub 2009 Feb 21.
Identification of 5-lipoxygenase and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 as functional targets of the anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic garcinol.

Koeberle A, Northoff H, Werz O.
Department for Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Garcinol (camboginol) from the fruit rind of Guttiferae species shows anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that garcinol potently interferes with 5-lipoxygenase (EC 7.13.11.34) and microsomal prostaglandin (PG)E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 (EC 5.3.99.3), enzymes that play pivotal roles in inflammation and tumorigenesis. In cell-free assays, garcinol inhibited the activity of purified 5-lipoxygenase and blocked the mPGES-1-mediated conversion of PGH2 to PGE2 with IC50 values of 0.1 and 0.3 microM, respectively. Garcinol suppressed 5-lipoxygenase product formation also in intact human neutrophils and reduced PGE2 formation in interleukin-1beta-stimulated A549 human lung carcinoma cells as well as in human whole blood stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, garcinol interfered with isolated cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 (EC 1.14.99.1, IC50 = 12 microM) and with the formation of COX-1-derived 12(S)-hydroxy-5-cis-8,10-trans-heptadecatrienoic acid and thromboxane B2 in human platelets. In contrast, neither Ca2+-ionophore (A23187)-induced arachidonic acid release in neutrophils nor COX-2 activity in A549 cells or whole blood, measured as formation of 6-keto PGF1alpha, or isolated human recombinant COX-2 were significantly affected by garcinol (< or = 30 microM). Together, the high potency of garcinol to selectively suppress PGE2 synthesis and 5-lipoxygenase product formation provides a molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects of garcinol and rationalizes its therapeutic use.

PMID: 19426689 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

One of many sources for supplementation: http://www.ayurvediccure.com/garcinia-cambogia.htm

01-30-2010, 11:08 PM	#1
Rich66 Senior Member Join Date: Feb 2008 Location: South East Wisconsin Posts: 3,431	Garcinol (Garcinia indica/camboginol) J Cell Biochem. 2010 Jan 27. [Epub ahead of print] Apoptosis-inducing effect of garcinol is mediated by NF-kappaB signaling in breast cancer cells. Ahmad A, Wang Z, Ali R, Maitah MY, Kong D, Banerjee S, Padhye S, Sarkar FH. Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201. Garcinol, obtained from Garcinia indica in tropical regions, is used for its numerous biological effects. Its anti-cancer activity has been suggested but the mechanism of action has not been studied in-detail, especially there is no report on its action against breast cancer cells. Here we tested our hypothesis that garcinol may act as an anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing agent against breast cancer cell lines. Using multiple techniques such as MTT, Histone-DNA ELISA, Annexin V-PI staining, Western blot for activated caspases and cleaved PARP, homogenous caspase-3/7 fluorometric assay and EMSA, we investigated the mechanism of apoptosis-inducing effect of garcinol in ER-positive MCF-7 and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that garcinol exhibits dose-dependent cancer cell-specific growth inhibition in both the cell lines with a concomitant induction of apoptosis, and has no effect on non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Our results suggested induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells by garcinol. Down-regulation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway was observed to be the mechanism of apoptosis-induction. Garcinol inhibited constitutive NF-kappaB activity, which was consistent with down-regulation of NF-kappaB-regulated genes. This is the first report on anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing action of garcinol against human breast cancer cells and the results suggest that this natural compound merits investigation as a potential chemo-preventive/-therapeutic agent, especially against breast cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. PMID: 20108249 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 May 1;77(9):1513-21. Epub 2009 Feb 21. Identification of 5-lipoxygenase and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 as functional targets of the anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic garcinol. Koeberle A, Northoff H, Werz O. Department for Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany. Garcinol (camboginol) from the fruit rind of Guttiferae species shows anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that garcinol potently interferes with 5-lipoxygenase (EC 7.13.11.34) and microsomal prostaglandin (PG)E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 (EC 5.3.99.3), enzymes that play pivotal roles in inflammation and tumorigenesis. In cell-free assays, garcinol inhibited the activity of purified 5-lipoxygenase and blocked the mPGES-1-mediated conversion of PGH2 to PGE2 with IC50 values of 0.1 and 0.3 microM, respectively. Garcinol suppressed 5-lipoxygenase product formation also in intact human neutrophils and reduced PGE2 formation in interleukin-1beta-stimulated A549 human lung carcinoma cells as well as in human whole blood stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, garcinol interfered with isolated cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 (EC 1.14.99.1, IC50 = 12 microM) and with the formation of COX-1-derived 12(S)-hydroxy-5-cis-8,10-trans-heptadecatrienoic acid and thromboxane B2 in human platelets. In contrast, neither Ca2+-ionophore (A23187)-induced arachidonic acid release in neutrophils nor COX-2 activity in A549 cells or whole blood, measured as formation of 6-keto PGF1alpha, or isolated human recombinant COX-2 were significantly affected by garcinol (< or = 30 microM). Together, the high potency of garcinol to selectively suppress PGE2 synthesis and 5-lipoxygenase product formation provides a molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects of garcinol and rationalizes its therapeutic use. PMID: 19426689 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] One of many sources for supplementation: http://www.ayurvediccure.com/garcinia-cambogia.htm __________________ Mom's treatment history (link)