Mushrooms
 

Anticancer Power of Supermarket Mushrooms http://www.cancerdecisions.com/image...rintButton.png http://www.cancerdecisions.com/image...mailButton.png
Tanya,
Do you have an opinion or some data on this?
http://www.cancerdecisions.com/conte.../lang,english/
Anticancer Power of Supermarket Mushrooms http://www.cancerdecisions.com/image...rintButton.png http://www.cancerdecisions.com/image...mailButton.png
Most people have heard by now about the healing powers of exotic medicinal mushrooms, such as reishi, shiitake and maitake. But what about the white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), the kind that is so boringly abundant in American supermarkets? A study at City of Hope hospital suggests that it too may have anticancer effects if taken daily.
"You don't need a strong effect to cause cancer prevention. Eating 100 grams or even less of mushrooms per day could have an effect on preventing new breast cancers," said Dr. Shiuan Chen, director of the Division of Tumor Cell Biology at the Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope in Duarte, California. Results of the ongoing study have appeared since 2006 in several leading scientific journals.


Mushroom extracts turned out to be effective aromatase inhibitors. Aromatase is an enzyme that helps the body make estrogen, a hormone that feeds the growth of breast tumors. Of seven vegetables tested, mushrooms had the greatest effect. Other forms of mushrooms (such as portabello, crimini, and shiitake) also were aromatase inhibitors, so one could vary the type eaten to add a little variety to the regimen.


The button mushroom extract reduced the proliferation of breast cancer cells in the laboratory. Giving the extract to mice with breast cancer also suppressed tumor growth. Based on their laboratory experiments, the scientists estimated that 100 grams of mushrooms (less than four ounces) taken per day would probably help prevent breast cancer growth.


"Results from this and other laboratories support the hypothesis that white button mushrooms may be an important dietary constituent for reducing the incidence of hormone-dependent breast cancer in women," the authors wrote. "Prevention strategies involving mushrooms are readily available, affordable, and acceptable to the general public."


Many women who have completed their initial therapy for estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer take synthetic drugs for years to inhibit aromatase production. It would be most interesting to see how ordinary mushrooms compare to drugs such as anastrazole (Arimidex) in their actual anticancer ability? Anastrazole has some potentially serious adverse effects, and so dietary substitutes would be most desirable. But do not be surprised if pharmaceutical companies do not rush to do such studies. In 2007, AstraZeneca reported $1.7 billion in sales on Arimidex. This translates into a cost of several hundred dollars per month for women taking the drug. Four ounces per day of mushrooms will set you back about $15 per month, or less if you buy in bulk. From a drug company's point of view, the economics do not favor such nutritional agents.


Comparative studies of the sort I am proposing are rarely performed and when they occasionally occur are usually stacked against the less expensive approach. Oftentimes, the information we receive about cancer is inaccurate. In fact, the typical cancer patient is kept in the dark and fed a load of manure...just like the proverbial mushroom.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Elaine,
The latest research I have seen is from 2006. I just searched pubmed and didn't find anything new.
"Mushroom extracts turned out to be effective aromatase inhibitors. Aromatase is an enzyme that helps the body make estrogen, a hormone that feeds the growth of breast tumors. Of seven vegetables tested, mushrooms had the greatest effect. Other forms of mushrooms (such as portabello, crimini, and shiitake) also were aromatase inhibitors, so one could vary the type eaten to add a little variety to the regimen."

In regards to the above quote it is important to consider that this statement has not been proven true in humans, only in laboratory data and thus cannot be readily applied to the population. Unfortunately, this article accurately points out that this research is unlikely to be performed anytime in the near future due to cost and limited ability to recoup costs of research (i.e. no drug to sell afterward). I encourage my breast cancer patients to consume exotic and white button mushrooms. I am unaware of a recommended "dose" for intake but believe they should be included as part of a well-balanced diet for prevention/prevention of recurrence of breast ca.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Thank you Tanya. I was surprised when I read about the claim that mushrooms are aromatase inhibitors, so I thought I would ask you about it.
I do eat several kinds of mushrooms, either lightly cooked or raw (shitake, white button, crimi, and portabella) either fresh or dried regularly. I take maitake in supplement form which my naturopath recommended for my immune system. One local store used to carry fresh maitake, but they no longer carry it. I started taking reishi in supplement form after I read that reishi can inhibit IBC breast cancer.
http://home.earthlink.net/~ckaniklidis/ibc.htm#Reishi
new) Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) Mushroom Extract
Michaela Hoffmeyer at the University of Texas and colleagues (Hoffmeyer M, Martinez-Montemayor M, Dharmawardhane SF. Investigation Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer Biology And Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program. Abstract BC031906) recently tested the hypothesis that the immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects of the traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) agent Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) mushroom extract, may be effective against IBC progression and invasion, given accumulating evidence of its ability to inhibit proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion of cancer cells via the triterpenes component which exhibits cytotoxicity against cancer cells at high concentrations, and component polysaccharides that are immunostimulatory. Whole Reishi extract was tested on normal mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) and IBC (SUM-149) cell lines, finding that the Reishi extract effectively inhibited proliferation of the IBC cell line, reducing cell-cell attachments and decreasing invasion of IBC cells, but not the normal mammary epithelial cell line. Reishi also down-regulated 52% of tumorigenesis genes in the IBC cells treated, and furthermore inhibited the matrix-metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. From these results, the authors concluded that Reishi inhibits IBC progression via cell proliferation reduction, prevention of tumor emboli formation, and inhibition of invasion by reduced matrix MMP levels, suggesting that Reishi extract is natural potential therapeutic effective in inhibiting IBC progression.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Not sure if this has much real meaning, but when I was diagnosed stage IV I put Shitaki mushrooms into my regular diet.

I also found a reishi tea that was very good and now can't find.

Various kinds of mushrooms became nearly daily in my diet for several years.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Gotta love the 'shrooms!

Re: Mushrooms
 

Tanya, I would like to ask you a question. Is it advisable to take dayly mushrooms or/and mushroom extract as long as I've to take Aromasin? I'm afraid that too much can have an adverse effect or is that never? I eat now two times a week mushrooms. mostly the white buttom kind. I've fear to take more, but I would like. I don't eat meat and I like them very much also. and they give me a feeling of protection, but that can be imagination. By the way, what's the best way to prepare them for maximum protection? I read Shian Chen's article and I look to everything connected with mushrooms. I drink a lot of green tea end eat broccoli sprouts, but since I'm ready with herceptin two month ago I'm more worried about diet and special about the mushroom question!

Re: Mushrooms
 

Maouno,
The research that is currently available appears to demonstrate a benefit in eating mushrooms in conjunction with Aromatose inhibitors like Aromasin. I see no reason to exclude them from your diet and in fact would recommend that they be eaten frequently. If I have read your message correctly I note that you are vegetarian. Avoiding animal fats also gives you a benefit and probable reduction in breast cancer recurrence rates. Make sure you are getting good plant-based protein sources on a daily basis (beans, nuts, legumes, etc).

Let me know if you have any other questions or if I did not fully address your original questions. I am posting a link to one of the studies on mushrooms and aromatase below.
Anti-aromatase activity of phytochemicals in white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus).
Chen S, Oh SR, Phung S, Hur G, Ye JJ, Kwok SL, Shrode GE, Belury M, Adams LS, Williams D.
Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;66(24):12026-34.PMID: 17178902 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Tanya

Re: Mushrooms
 

Tanya, I thank you so much for your answer, it helps me a lot to know that I can eat them frequently and take even extract during aromasin. The best way to prepare the mushrooms so that they keep their maximum of health profit was a second question, but I can find it out on the net- I'll try. I'm not completely vegetarian; I eat no meat, but sea fish every week. Maybe it's better to exclude that too, because of the animal fat, but I know that fish is also very healthy. I drink only rice milk, but I eat some goat yoghurt. I'm still looking for the most fitting diet, there are too many opinions. I can change things, but I'm not strong enough to omit everything I like, for instance 85 percent chocolate, which I eat too much (a craving probably) or parmesan cheese. It depresses me to be weak.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Don't be too hard on yourself (I too am a chocolate addict!). It sounds as though you have made some great changes. I would not exclude fish from your diet. Fish, especially fatty fish like salmon, contain very beneficial fats-omega 3's. Fish in general is very lean and an excellent source of protein.
I forgot to address the cooking method portion of your questions last time. As long as you are not adding a lot of fat during the cooking method any way you prepare them should be fine (raw in a salad, cooked in a stir fry, baked and stuffed with a high fiber grain, etc.) As for the goat yogurt I would only suggest that it be a low-fat yogurt.

Hope this helps. Keep up the good work!

Tanya

Re: Mushrooms
 

At present three mushrooms are grown in India. They are white mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), the rice straw mushroom (Volvariella vovvacea) and oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus sajor-cashew). Among them, A. bisporus is the most popular and economically viable to grow and are cultivated throughout the world. However, due to its low temperature requirement, its cultivation is limited to colder weather and winter in the plains of northern India.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Have you looked into a capsule of Purple Mushroom defense ? I went to a supplement expert connected with the Wellness Program at my hospital and he has suggested that for immune system . I have just started taking it . I also take a Green Tea extract capsule which is equal to 8 cups of green tea taken daily .

Re: Mushrooms
 

Be cautious with the Green Tea capsule if you are on chemotherapy. The combination is not recommended.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Could you explain please why is that combination not recommended?

Re: Mushrooms
 

Sure. Some studies have demonstrated that in combination with certain chemotherapy agents the polyphenols in green tea actually inhibit the therapeutic effect of the chemo, or make is less effective. This has especially been seen in drugs used to treat multiple myeloma and lymphoma (i.e. Velcade) and hasn't been well studied with other drugs. Given this conclusion it is advised that green tea should be used with caution. Supplemental form offers a much higher dose than a single cup of tea and thus poses as higher risk for interaction. Secondly, green tea supplements are a very concentrated source of antioxidants. While antioxidants are beneficial in many ways, they also are very effective at protecting cell walls. Some studies have shown that high antioxidants in combination with certain chemotherapy agents called alkylating agents (often used to treat breast cancer) may protect the cell walls of cancer cells and prevent the drug from being as effective.

The bottom line is that high doses of antioxidants in supplemental form are not recommended during chemotherapy. The amount in a healthy diet with fruits and vegetables is not concerning. I feel comfortable with my breast cancer patients drinking a couple cups of green tea per day but discourage green tea supplements.

Dilshod
 

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Re: Mushrooms
 

I have read that maitakes are great at shrinking breast tumors. I took them during treatment (New Chapter) but can no longer afford them at close to $30 a bottle. Still, my tumor shrank...could be the mushrooms, could be a combination of good food, supplements, etc.
Lisa
www.pinkkitchen.info

Re: Mushrooms
 

I just received my Ralph Moss newsletter about an inquiry with mushrooms and other ingredients as Asperagus and tumeric and Colorius Vesicolos: PSK came ut as number one. And the Maitake mushroom also very high. PSK Trammune is to get via internet.

Re: Mushrooms
 

I'm not familiar with PSK trammune. Can you give more info, Maouno? Thx :)

Lisa
www.pinkkitchen.info

Re: Mushrooms
 

PSK trammune is a product made from the Corlorius Vesicolos, a three coloured mushroom. I read al this in the latest Moss report from Januar. I follow these, because they have the latest information. www.ralphmoss

Re: Mushrooms
 

Great, thx for the info. I'll check it out.
Lisa
www.pinkkitchen.info

Re: Mushrooms
 

I think the link is incorrect. Is this the guy you're talking about?
http://www.ralphmoss.com/html/about.shtml

Lisa
www.pinkkitchen.info

Re: Mushrooms
 

The link is correct, but you've to read the ralphmoss.newsletter for all the information.
Does any one know if it's good to take propolis from bees? It helped me always against colds, but I read now contradictory reports about bee products and now I don't dare to take it any more. It can even be the reason that I got two times BC. So I lost my defense against infections.

Re: Mushrooms
 

No problem, the name was spelled wrong in your original post, but I figured it out :)

Guess what? He's going to be at a conference I'm attending in March - 4th Annual Evidence-based Complementary & Alternative Cancer Therapies conference in West Palm Beach, FL. March 3-5, 2011.

Are any of you ladies attending the conference?


Lisa
http://www.pinkkitchen.info

Re: Mushrooms
 

Tanya,
Please post any abstracts about negative interactions of chemo with green tea. Most I have found seem to support it.
The mushroom end seems complicated in that some 'shrooms seem to be estrogenic, a problem in ER+ patients.

Re: Mushrooms
 

I would welcome the info also especially as I have friends in Asia who consume quite a lot of green tea even whilst on chemo. They tell me that their onc's encourage it

Thanks Ellie

Re: Mushrooms
 

Which shrooms seem to be estrogenic? Is it known?

Re: Mushrooms
 

After chatting with various proponents, the shroom issue might be complicated by things like what soil the shrooms are grown on.
But things like the below give me pause:





Estrogen-like activity of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum

JournalJournal of Wood Science PublisherSpringer Japan ISSN1435-0211 (Print) 1611-4663 (Online) IssueVolume 55, Number 1 / February, 2009 CategoryOriginal Article DOI10.1007/s10086-008-0992-2 Pages53-59 Subject CollectionBiomedical and Life Sciences SpringerLink DateThursday, October 23, 2008 Add to marked items
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Original Article

Estrogen-like activity of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum
Kuniyoshi Shimizu1, Ichiko Miyamoto1, Jie Liu1, Fumiko Konishi2, Shoichiro Kumamoto2 and Ryuichiro Kondo1 http://www.springerlink.com/images/contact.gif
(1) Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan (2) Chlorella Industry Co. Ltd., Fukuoka 833-0056, Japan Received: 21 January 2008 Accepted: 9 July 2008 Published online: 22 October 2008
Abstract The ethanol extract from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum was tested for its estrogen-like activity by using the cell proliferation assay (MCF-7 cells, human breast cancer cells), as well as the estrogen receptor binding assay, and pS2 mRNA expression assay in MCF-7 cells in vitro and uterotrophic assay in vivo. The ethanol extract of G. lucidum showed significant positive effects on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. This proliferation effect is related to the estrogenic activity of G. lucidum, because this proliferation activity was inhibited by the addition of the antiestrogenic compound ICI 182,780. The ability to bind to human estrogen receptors (hERs) α and β of the ethanol extract of G. lucidum was confirmed by using the coactivator-bacterial alkaline phosphatase system. ER-dependent cell responsibilities were investigated by examining the regulation of gene transcription for pS2 in MCF-7 cells. Our results demonstrated that the pS2 mRNA levels are significantly increased by the ethanol extract of G. lucidum via an estrogen-like manner. Additionally, young rats that received the ethanol extract of G. lucidum (200 mg/kg per day) for 3 days showed a signifi cant increase (growth approximately twofold compared with the control group) in uterine weight after each treatment, which supports the estrogen-like activity of the ethanol extract of G. lucidum in vivo. It was concluded that the ethanol extract of G. lucidum showed estrogen-like activity, which may be useful in regulating hormone levels to treat related diseases such as osteoporosis if safety is fully guaranteed.
Key words Ganoderma lucidum - Estrogenic activity - Menopausal syndrome

http://www.springerlink.com/images/contact.gif Ryuichiro Kondo
Email: ryukondo@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp
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Re: Mushrooms
 

I was trying to locate follow-up studies that confirmed the above report that was printed in 2008.

Was not able to find any that's related to ethanol extracted from the mushroom. But found several recent articles that asserts the effectiveness of mushrooms in curbing cancer:

Nutr Cancer. 2010 May;62(4):476-83.
Dietary mushroom intake and the risk of breast cancer based on hormone receptor status.

Shin A, Kim J, Lim SY, Kim G, Sung MK, Lee ES, Ro J.
National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Republic of Korea.
Abstract

Although many studies have documented the antitumor activities of mushrooms, the association between mushroom intake and breast cancer, defined by hormone receptor status, has received minimal empirical investigation. This study evaluated the association between mushroom intake and the risk of breast cancer according to hormone receptor status among Korean women.

Mushroom intake and breast cancer risk were examined among 358 breast cancer patients and 360 cancer-free controls. Intake of mushrooms was assessed using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Greater mushroom intake was related to lower risk of breast cancers among premenopausal women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.13-0.91 for the highest vs. the lowest quartile intake). The association was stronger for premenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)+/progesterone receptor (PR) + tumors (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.11-0.79 for the highest vs. the lowest quartile intake) than those with ER-/PR- tumors. Our results suggest that high consumption of mushrooms might be related to lower risks for breast cancers among premenopausal women; this association may be more robust among women with hormone receptor positive tumors.

PMID: 20432168 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]


Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2010 Nov 1;235(11):1306-14. Epub 2010 Oct 4.
Commonly consumed and specialty dietary mushrooms reduce cellular proliferation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Martin KR, Brophy SK.
Nutrition Program, Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Arizona State University, 6950 East Williams Field Road, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA. keith.r.martin@asu.edu
Abstract

Worldwide, over one million women will be newly diagnosed with breast cancer in the next year. Moreover, breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the USA. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that consumption of dietary mushrooms can protect against breast cancer. In this study, we tested and compared the ability of five commonly consumed or specialty mushrooms to modulate cell number balance in the cancer process using MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Hot water extracts (80°C for 2 h) of maitake (MT, Grifola frondosa), crimini (CRIM, Agaricus bisporus), portabella (PORT, Agaricus bisporus), oyster (OYS, Pleurotus ostreatus) and white button (WB, Agaricus bisporus) mushrooms or water alone (5% v/v) were incubated for 24 h with MCF-7 cells. Cellular proliferation determined by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced up to 33% by all mushrooms, with MT and OYS being the most effective. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reduction, an often used mitochondrion-dependent marker of proliferation, was unchanged although decreased (P > 0.05) by 15% with OYS extract. Lactate dehydrogenase release, as a marker of necrosis, was significantly increased after incubation with MT but not with other test mushrooms. Furthermore, MT extract significantly increased apoptosis, or programmed cell death, as determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl end labeling method, whereas other test mushrooms displayed trends of ∼15%. The total numbers of cells per flask, determined by hemacytometry, were not different from control cultures. Overall, all test mushrooms significantly suppressed cellular proliferation, with MT further significantly inducing apoptosis and cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells. This suggests that both common and specialty mushrooms may be chemoprotective against breast cancer.

Int J Oncol. 2010 Dec;37(6):1529-36.
Novel medicinal mushroom blend suppresses growth and invasiveness of human breast cancer cells.

Jiang J, Sliva D.
Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Abstract

Mushrooms are an integral part of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and have been used for millennia to prevent or treat a variety of diseases. Currently mushrooms or their extracts are used globally in the form of dietary supplements. In the present study we have evaluated the anticancer effects of the dietary supplement, MycoPhyto® Complex (MC), a novel medicinal mushroom blend which consists of a blend of mushroom mycelia from the species Agaricus blazei, Cordyceps sinensis, Coriolus versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa and Polyporus umbellatus, and β-1,3-glucan isolated from the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we show that MC demonstrates cytostatic effects through the inhibition of cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase of highly invasive human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. DNA-microarray analysis revealed that MC inhibits expression of cell cycle regulatory genes (ANAPC2, ANAPC2, BIRC5, Cyclin B1, Cyclin H, CDC20, CDK2, CKS1B, Cullin 1, E2F1, KPNA2, PKMYT1 and TFDP1). Moreover, MC also suppresses the metastatic behavior of MDA-MB-231 by the inhibition of cell adhesion, cell migration and cell invasion. The potency of MC to inhibit invasiveness of breast cancer cells is linked to the suppression of secretion of the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) from MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, the MC dietary supplement could have potential therapeutic value in the treatment of invasive human breast cancer.

PMID: 21042722 [PubMed - in process]

Re: Mushrooms
 

The most recent report related to ganoderma lucidum:

Oncol Rep. 2011 Jan;25(1):267-72.
A novel polysaccharide from Se-enriched Ganoderma lucidum induces apoptosis of human breast cancer cells.

Shang D, Li Y, Wang C, Wang X, Yu Z, Fu X.
Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, P.R. China. djshang@lnnu.edu.cn
Abstract

The novel polysaccharide SeGLP-2B-1 isolated from Se-enriched Ganoderma lucidum, showed anti-proliferative activity towards several cancer cell lines in vitro. To investigate the antitumor mechanisms, the apoptotic effects of SeGLP-2B-1 in human breast cancer cells were studied, and the mechanism of this action was further elucidated. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI staining. Caspase activity was assayed using a caspase apoptosis detection kit. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the levels of pro-caspase-3, -8, -9, PARP and cytochrome c expression. The results showed that SeGLP-2B-1 inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Typical characteristics of apoptosis were observed, including morphological changes, sub-G1 cells and DNA ladder formation. Further analysis showed that SeGLP-2B-1 treatment disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential followed by an increase in the cytochrome c cytosolic levels. Sequentially, SeGLP-2B-1 increased the activities of caspase-9, -3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in a time-dependent manner, however, no obvious activation of caspase-8 was observed. Caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitor prevented SeGLP-2B-1-induced apoptosis, and the activities of caspases-3, -9 were significantly up-regulated by SeGLP-2B-1. Our studies suggest that SeGLP-2B-1 induces apoptosis via a mitochondria-mediated pathway.

PMID: 21109986 [PubMed - in process]

Re: Mushrooms
 

Jackie,
The first study ("Dietary mushroom intake...") regards preventative intake. Similar to preventative intake of soy, effects on established BC may be different, even opposite.

In the second ("Commonly consumed and specialty.."), ganoderma lucinderm variety was not assessed.

In the third, ("Novel medicinal mushroom blend..")
Ganoderma Lucinderm is but one component of the potentially beneficial mixture. And it was tested against an ER- cell line.

Of course, they are all cell line studies with inherent limitations.

But if the same mushroom grown in different environments can produce different results, I imagine different varieties(species?) of shrooms might have distinct results.
Damn shrooms...

Re: Mushrooms
 

Wow..
We must be typing simultaneously;)

The last one (" A novel polysaccharide from Se-enriched...)is an isolate from ganoderma lucidum. I take that to mean one component of that variety of shroom.
Sure seems like there might be room for the shroom in treating ER+ breast cancer if the right varieties or components are selected/cultivated.
But it is hardly straightforward at this point.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Here is a study on the 'ethonal extract' that reported opposite result from the 2008 study:

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Apr 22;57(8):3087-93.
Evaluation of antiproliferative activities and action mechanisms of extracts from two species of Ganoderma on tumor cell lines.

Liu YW, Gao JL, Guan J, Qian ZM, Feng K, Li SP.
Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
Abstract

The antiproliferative activities on tumoral cells, namely, human breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), hepatoma (HepG2) and myeloid leukemia (HL-60), of ethanolic extracts from two species of Ganoderma, G. lucidum and G. sinense, were investigated. Though both extracts had certain antiproliferative activities, their chemical characteristics, including nucleosides, triterpenoids and sterols, were significantly different. Their effects on MDA-MB-231 cells were further studied using apoptotic detection and cell cycle analyses. As a result, both had apoptosis induction through the alternation of mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization, though no triterpenoids were detected in ethanolic extract of G. sinense. Furthermore, the two extracts from G. lucidum and G. sinense could arrest cell cycle at different phases. This study showed that ethanol extracts of both G. lucidum and G. sinense have antitumoral proliferation effect through both apoptosis pathway and cell cycle arrest effect, and some other compounds such as sterols and/or nucleosides may contribute to their activity besides triterpenoids.

PMID: 19368349 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Re: Mushrooms
 

Rich,

You must have been one of the investigators of this study:

Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Dec;2(4):358-64.
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) in cancer treatment.

Sliva D.
Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. d-silva@clarian.org
Abstract

The popular edible mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) has been widely used for the general promotion of health and longevity in Asian countries. The dried powder of Ganoderma lucidum was popular as a cancer chemotherapy agent in ancient China. The authors recently demonstrated that Ganoderma lucidum inhibits constitutively active transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and AP-1, which resulted in the inhibition of expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor uPAR. Ganoderma lucidum also suppressed cell adhesion and cell migration of highly invasive breast and prostate cancer cells, suggesting its potency to reduce tumor invasiveness. Thus, Ganoderma lucidum clearly demonstrates anticancer activity in experiments with cancer cells and has possible therapeutic potential as a dietary supplement for an alternative therapy for breast and prostate cancer. However, because of the availability of Ganoderma lucidum from different sources, it is advisable to test its biologic activity.

Re: Mushrooms
 

In "Evaluation of antiproliferative activities..", it says:
I guess would have to see the net effect on MCF7 or other ER+ BC cell lines. The furher study with 231 cells is with ER- cell line.

The Silva study abstract doesn't specify ER status of the cell line. But I believe Silva was the researcher I contacted who got into the cultivation/environment influence on Ganoderma luciderm effects.

Re: Mushrooms
 

Just refreshed my memory that Dr. Moss received his Ph.D in English... The link below provides some expert 'opinions' regarding his work:

http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Ovarian...hD/show/532635

I'd posted in another thread that everything 'Dr. Moss' announces in his reports is retrievable from PubMed and other databases (such as the CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine) site at the NLM (National Library of Medicine)

Re: Mushrooms
 

The 'Disclaimer' of the Moss Report is mentioned at the bottom of the link http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Ovarian...hD/show/532635:

"This Web site does not advocate any particular treatment for cancer. We urge you to always seek competent medical advice for all health problems, especially cancer. Before consulting our site please read our full Disclaimer statement."

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Re: Mushrooms
 

I just want to ask if some of you has heard this kind of shroom called cyanescens also know as wavy caps? I was reading some articles about this kind shrooms before engaging my self for the first time. They say that it has a very potent effect on the brain and hallucination. Unlike other shrooms this one is less intense. Psilocybe cyanescens influences the prefontral cortex thats responsible for for differentiating thoughts, consequences of actions, and social control. Magic mushroom are use on reducing the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety. It can also help people to quit smoking and alcohol addiction. Some studies also suggest the property of magic shrooms/truffles can be useful for cancer patients. I would really want to hear other insights regarding this kind shroom and could possible be used as an alternative medicine Thanks

Re: Mushrooms
 

sorry but i don't like mushrooms.

Re: Mushrooms
 

After Googling and trying to make sense of several sources for over an hour, I concluded: fungi are microorganisms that like eating things (thus breaking those things down).